Retraction Policy
Purpose of Retraction

The primary goal of retracting a publication is to inform readers about materials that contain significant flaws or erroneous data, rendering their use unreliable. Such inaccuracies may result from honest mistakes or from deliberate misconduct, including plagiarism, duplicate publication, or the concealment of conflicts of interest that affect the interpretation of the data.

Grounds for Retraction

An article is subject to retraction when it violates ethical and scholarly standards, including but not limited to:

  • 01

    Improper or unacknowledged borrowing (plagiarism).

  • 02

    Duplicate publication of the same article in multiple journals.

  • 03

    Self-plagiarism.

  • 04

    Fabrication or falsification of data (e.g., distorting experimental outcomes).

  • 05

    Serious errors within a publication that undermine its scientific value.

  • 06

    Incorrect authorship attribution (including individuals who do not meet authorship criteria).

  • 07

    Undeclared conflicts of interest.

  • 08

    Publication of an article without the author’s consent.

  • 09

    Other breaches of publication ethics.

Retraction Procedure
  • Initiation: 01

    The retraction process begins with the Editor-in-Chief, based on expert assessment and after consulting with the author(s) regarding identified concerns.

  • Author Response: 02

    The author(s) may agree to the retraction or provide a reasoned response contesting it.

  • Decision: 03

    The final decision to retract an article is made by the editorial board.

Retraction Statement

A formal retraction document includes the following information:

  • The name(s) of the author(s) and the article title;
  • The journal title, publication details of the article, and its DOI;
  • The initiator of the retraction procedure;
  • The grounds for withdrawal (including a reference to the original source of plagiarism or duplication, if applicable);
  • The date of the decision;
  • A link to the article’s page containing details about the retraction, its rationale, and the full text marked “RETRACTED.”

A note regarding the retraction is also placed in the table of contents of the relevant journal issue. An explanation of the reasons for the retraction is attached to the retraction statement.

  • Note

    The editorial board reserves the right to retract a publication regardless of the author’s consent.